| Doctrine | | Islamic View | | New Testament Christianity |
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Can God suffer? | | God is merciful and compassionate [but does that mean He shares our passions?] | | God suffers with His creation. |
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God's Spokesmen | | Old Testament Prophets, Jesus, culminating in Muhammad. Muhammad was the "paracletos" (advocate) = "periklutos" (illustrious) (John 14:15-17) | | Old Testament Prophets climaxing in Jesus followed by the apostles |
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Who is Jesus Christ? | | A prophet of God, born of Mary, by the power of the Angel Gabriel. He was taken up by Allah, but a phantom was crucified in his place. | | The "one-of-a-kind" son of the Supreme God, born of Mary, begotten by the Holy Spirit (the power and presence of God.) The "Incarnation" is a New Testament doctrine. He descended from Heaven, became human and died for us, so demonstrating God's love for us. We now come to the Father through Jesus the Son. He is our link to God, experienced through the Holy Spirit. |
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God's Written Communication | | Al Qur'an (the recitation) of 114 suras (units) supported by many volumes of hadith (traditions). The Qur'an was dictated to Muhammad by the Angel Gabriel in pure Classical Arabic. It is our link to God. | | The Bible (Books) of 66 Old Testament books in Hebrew and Aramaic and 29 New Testament books in Greek, composed by numerous authors across many centuries under the guidance of the Holy Spirit. Written in the dialect of the common people. |
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Nature of Man | | Sinless at birth with capacity for unlimited moral and spiritual progress through belief in God and faithful adherence to the teachings | | Sinless, but sin-prone, at birth, leading to natural enmity towards God. The grace of God and the gift of His Holy Spirit imbues humans with the ability to turn from their evil ways and become holy. "Original sin" as popularly understood is not a New Testament doctrine -- "Redemption" is. |
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Personal accountability | | The activities of the wicked and of the saint, of the generous and of the grasping, are all Allah's creation. Allah may give up to seven spirits to a man. But those who choose good will be rewarded, and evil punished. | | All have sinned and fallen short of the glory of God. The wages of sin is death. God calls on humans to choose life and depart from evil. Upon repentance and conversion, the gift of God is eternal life by begettal with the Holy Spirit through Jesus Christ. |
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Believers are: | | "My slaves" | | "The children of God" (Romans 8:16, NKJV throughout) |
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Concept of Success | | "We hear and we obey" | | "Jesus said to him, "'You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, with all your soul, and with all your mind.' This is the first and great commandment. And the second is like it: 'You shall love your neighbor as yourself.'" " (Matthew 22:37-39) |
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Life after death | | At the Resurrection, righteous go to the Garden of God, but do not see God. Wicked dwell forever in fire. Especially righteous do not need to await the Resurrection. | | All will be resurrected. All will have a genuine opportunity to be saved. The righteous will rule with Jesus in God's eternal kingdom when the dwelling of God will be with men. Those who reject God's way, the incorrigibly wicked, will be obliterated. |
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Martyrdom | | "Call not those who are slain in the way of Allah `dead.' No, they are living, only ye perceive it not." (2:154)
"those who are slain in the way of Allah .. bring them into the Garden [Paradise]." (47:4-6)
(Each martyr has 72 virgins waiting for him in Paradise: Sermon at Al-Aqsa Mosque September 9, 2001 - cf. 56:37) | | "They will put you out of the synagogues; yes, the time is coming that whoever kills you will think that he offers God service." (John 16:2)
"You have condemned, you have murdered the just; he does not resist you. Therefore be patient, brethren, until the coming of the Lord . . ." (James 5:6-7) |
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Enemies | | "Fight in the way of Allah against those who fight against you, but begin not hostilities. Lo! Allah loveth not aggressors. And slay them wherever ye find them." (2:190)
"O Prophet! Exhort the believers to fight." (8:65)
"O ye who believe! Fight those of the disbelievers who are near you, and let them find harshness in you." (9:123)
"Lo! Allah loveth those who battle for His cause in ranks, as if they were a solid structure." (61:4) (Abdullah-b-Omar reported that Muhammad forbade to kill women and children) | | "But I (Jesus) say to you, love your enemies, bless those who curse you, do good to those who hate you, and pray for those who spitefully use you and persecute you," (Matthew 5:44)
"Jesus answered, 'My kingdom is not of this world. If My kingdom were of this world, My servants would fight . . .'" (John 18:36) |
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Prayers | | (Ob'adah-b-Swa'met reported that Muhammad had said: Five prayers [i.e., times of prayer] - the Almighty Allah made them obligatory.)
"When the call is heard for the prayer of the day of congregation, haste unto remembrance of Allah" (62:9) | | "But you, when you pray, go into your room, and when you have shut your door, pray to your Father who is in the secret place; and your Father who sees in secret will reward you openly. " (Matthew 6:6) |
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Modesty | | "Tell the believing women to lower their gaze and be modest, ... and to draw their veils over their bosoms ... let them not stamp their feet so as to reveal what they hide of their adornment." (24:31)
"Tell thy wives and thy daughters to draw their cloaks close round them ..." (33:59) | | "in like manner also, that the women adorn themselves in modest apparel, with propriety and moderation, not with braided hair or gold or pearls or costly clothing," (1Timothy 2:9)
"But every woman who prays or prophesies with her head uncovered dishonors her head, for that is one and the same as if her head were shaved." (1Corinthians 11:5) |
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Criminal Justice | | "Retaliation is prescribed for you in the matter of the murdered." (2:178)
"As for the thief, both male and female, cut off their hands." (5:38)
"The adulterer and the adulteress, scourge ye each one of them with a hundred stripes." (24:2) | | "So when they continued asking Him, He (Jesus) raised Himself up and said to them, 'He who is without sin among you, let him throw a stone at her first.' " (John 8:7)
"For rulers are not a terror to good works, but to evil . . . But if you do evil, be afraid; for he does not bear the sword in vain; for he is God’s minister, an avenger to execute wrath on him who practices evil. " (Romans 13:3-4) |
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Compiled by: Mike Linacre |
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Sources for Islam include: The Koran Interpreted by Arthur J. Arberry; A Code of the Teachings of Al-Qur'an by Muhammad Sharif Chaudry; Islam by Alford T. Welch, in A New Handbook of Living Religions; A Comparative Study of Christianity and Islam by Ulfat Aziz-Us-Samad; Islam and the Gospel of God by H. Spencer. |