Preservation of the
Completed Canon |
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Jerusalem Academy to the (Second) Destruction of the Temple
(515 B.C. - 70 A.D.) |
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Date | | Person / Group |
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| 515 B.C. - 189 B.C. | | Ezra to Simon the Just |
| 189 B.C. - 26 A.D. | | Simon the Just to Christ |
| 20 B.C. - 20 A.D. | | Hillel I |
| 20 A.D. - 70 A.D. | | Rabban Gamaliel I |
| 50 A.D. - 70 A.D. | | Rabbi Johanan b. Zakkai |
| | | |
The Tannaim
Scholars from Hillel I to the completion of the Mishnah
(50 A.D. - 250 A.D.) |
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Date | | Person / Group |
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| 50 A.D. - 140 A.D. | | Jabneh Academy |
| 70 - 80 A.D. | | Rabbi Johanan b. Zakkai Rabban |
| 80 - 115 A.D. | | Gamaliel II |
| 115 - 135 A.D. | | Simeon b. Gamaliel II
(Rebellion of Bar Kokhba, 132 - 135 A.D.) |
| 140 - 170 A.D. | | Usha Academy |
| 170 - 220 A.D. | | Simeon b. Gamaliel II, Beit She'Arim Academy |
| 220 - 250 A.D. | | Rabbi Simeon Judah Ha - Nasi Sepphoris Academy |
| | | Rabbi Hanina b. Hama |
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The Amoraim
Tiberian Academy |
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Date | | Person / Group |
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| 250 A.D. - 375 A.D. | | Rabbi Johanan |
| | | Rabbi Simeon b. Lakish |
| | | Rabbi Eleazar b. Pedat |
| | | Rabbi Ammi b. Nathan |
| | | Rabbi Assi |
| | | Rabbi Jonah |
| | | Rabbi Yose |
| | | Rabbi Mani b. Yose |
| | | Rabbi Hiyya b. Adda |
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What is
a CODEX? | | | Developed in the first century A.D., a CODEX (plural: codices) is a set of manuscripts or writings collected and placed together to form a book. Modern books, including the Bible, use the codex format. From 50 to 300 A.D. papyrus was used to create a codex. The use of paper to create a codex started around 1100 A.D. | | |
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The Lost Codices of the Masoretic Old Testament |
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Date | | Codex |
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| | | Codex Severi |
| 600 A.D. | | Codex Hillel |
| | | Codex Muga |
| | | Codex Jericho |
| | | Codex Jerushalmi |
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Tiberian Academy |
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Date | | Person / Group |
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| 780 A.D. - 930 A.D. | | ------------------------- |
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The Ben Asher Codices of the Masoretic Old Testament |
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Date | | Codex |
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| 895 A.D. | | Codex Cairensis |
| 900 - 950 A.D. | | The Aleppo Codex |
| 1008 A.D. | | Codex Leningradensis |
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The Petersburg Codex of the Masoretic Old Testament |
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Date | | Codex |
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| 916 A.D. | | The Petersburg Codex of the Prophets |
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The German Codices of the Masoretic Old Testament |
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Date | | Codex |
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1100 A.D. | | The Erfurt Codices
Erfurt 1, Erfurt 2, Erfurt 3 pre |
| 1105 A.D. | | Codex Reuchlinianus |
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Sephardi to Soncino |
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Date | | Person / Group |
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| 930 A.D. - 1488 A.D. | | ------------------------- |
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Preservation of the
Old Testament by Printing |
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Date | | Name / Source of Printing |
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| 1488 | | Soncino Old Testament
(based on German manuscripts) |
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| 1494 / 5 | | Brescia Old Testament
(based on German manuscripts.) |
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| 1516 / 17 | | 1st Pratensis Rabbinic Bible |
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| 1524 / 25 | | 2nd Chayyim Rabbinic Bible (Basel) |
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| 1546 / 48 | | Venice printing #2 |
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| 1568 | | Venice printing #3 |
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| 1616 / 19 | | Basel printing #1 |
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| 1618 / 19 | | Basel printing #2
(Johan Buxtorf the Elder) |
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| 1699 | | Jablonski Hebraica |
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| 1720 | | Johann Heinrich Michaelis Hebraica
(Based on Jablonski and Erfurt manuscripts) |
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| 1724 / 25 | | Amsterdam printing |
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| 1839 | | Biblia Hebraica |
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| 1860 / 66 | | Warsaw printing |
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| 1869 | | S. Baer, Eclectic "Masoretic"
(Basis of the Jewish Publication Society of America Version (JPSA)
of the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible) ) |
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| 1905 / 6 | | Biblia Hebraica 1
(Rudolph Kittel) |
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| 1908 | | Christian D. Ginsburg
(British and Foreign Bible Society) |
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| 1912 | | Biblia Hebraica 2
(Rudolph Kittel) |
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| 1926 | | Christian D. Ginsburg |
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| 1937 | | Biblia Hebraica 3
(P. Kahle) |
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| 1958 | | Norman H. Snaith |
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| 1966 | | The Hebrew University, Jerusalem
(Based on the Aleppo Codex, 900 - 950 A.D.) |
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| 1967 | | Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia
(P. Kahle, based on Codex Leningradensis, 1008 A.D.) |
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| 1976 | | Jay P. Green, The Interlinear Bible, 3 Volumes
(Based on 1866 British and Foreign Bible Society) |
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Researched and Compiled by: Carl Franklin
edited and notes added by BibleStudy.org |
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