Meaning of Numbers: Number 23
The number 23 derives part of its meaning from the fact that Adam and Eve produced twenty-three daughters according to the first century historian Josephus (Jewish tradition).
Tola served as a judge of Israel for a total number of 23 years, from 1102 to 1079 B.C. (Judges 10:1 - 2). Psalm 23 is the most well known, popular and beloved of all the Psalms. King David, who wrote it, sings of God's protection, guidance, refreshment, abundant blessing and promise of eternal life to those who love him.
The Lord is my Shepherd; I shall not want. He makes me to lie down in green pastures; He leads me beside the still waters . . . Yea, though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil, for You are with me . . .
Surely goodness and mercy shall follow me all the days of my life, and I shall dwell in the house of the Lord forever (verses 1 - 4, 6 of Psalm 23).
At least 23 of the 89 chapters found in the Gospels discuss the critical final eight days in the life of Jesus. This period begins on March 29 in 30 A.D. and goes to April 5 (the day of his death). Only four chapters (Matthew 1 - 2 and Luke 1 - 2) in the Bible's New Testament mention events that occurred in the first thirty years of the Lord's earthly life.
Appearances of Number Twenty-Three
Jezebel is perhaps the most evil woman mentioned in God's word. She is reference twenty-three times in God's word. Compare this to Mary, Jesus' mother, who is mentioned by name only nineteen times!
The book of 2Timothy is one of the most personal epistles written by the Apostle Paul. This book mentions 23 distinct people, twenty of which are not mentioned anywhere else in the New Testament (Encyclopedia of Bible Facts).
A man named Jair (Num. 32:41, 1Chronicles 2:22), seemingly by force of arms, took possession of twenty-three cities in the land of Gilead. The area of Gilead, originally given by God to the tribe of Manasseh as an inheritance, was known for its balm made from a secretion of the balsam tree.
Jair renamed several of the cities he took after himself (e.g. Bashanhavoth-jair or the "towns of Jair," see Deuteronomy 3:14). One of the Judges of Israel, also named Jair, may have been one of his descendants (Judges 10:3 - 5).
Unique Kings of Judah
King Jehoshaphat of Judah assumed the throne in 872 B.C. when he was 35 years old. Earlier, when he was 23 years old, he gave birth to Jehoram who would succeed him as ruler in 853.
Jehoram, just like his father, when he turned 23 gave birth to Ahaziah who would rule for only a short time in 841 B.C. Ahaziah was killed, along with King Joram of Israel, the sons of King Ahab, and Ahab's wife Jezebel, by Jehu (2Kings 9:7 - 8).
In 609 B.C., after the death of King Josiah, his 23 year old son Jehoahaz succeeded him as ruler (2Kings 23:31). Part of his claim to fame was that he had one of the shortest spans of rule in Judah's history, reigning for only three months in 609 B.C.
What makes Jehoahaz further unique is that he is the only king of either Israel or Judah to die in Egypt. In 609 B.C. his throne was brought to an abrupt end when Pharaoh Neco captured him and took him back to Egypt. He will ultimately die in Egypt and be replaced by Jehoiakim (2Kings 23:31 - 34).
Number 23 and War
In at least one instance, the number 23 conveys the meaning that a special group of people is reserved by God for his service and therefore ineligible to fight. On God's command, Moses instituted a count of all the men in Israel who were twenty years old or older (all those who could go to war, Num. 26:1 - 2). It was discovered, a short time before Moses' death, that there were 601,730 males among the people.
One special group, however, was not counted toward those who would be eligible to fight the enemies of Israel. The tribe of Levi was consecrated to serving the Lord. They represent substitutes to God's claim of all the firstborn in Israel when he saved them, and not the Egyptians, from the death angel (Num. 3:12 - 13). Counted separately, it was found that twenty-three thousand males, one month of age or above, were Levites (26:62).
More Info on Biblical Meaning of 23
23 is the ninth prime number. The primes which precede it are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17 and 19.
The earth's axis is tilted at roughly a 23 degree angle (it current is 23.439281 degrees). This tilt allows the earth to experience different seasons due to the amount of sunlight striking a particular section of the planet. The Northern Hemisphere, for example, experiences summer when it faces the sun and receives more light while winter takes place when it faces away and receives less of it.
Verse 23 of Psalm 118 is referenced in Mark 12:10, Matthew 21:42, Luke 20:17, and Acts 4:11.
Genesis 39 and 40, as well as Ezekiel 13 and 14, contain 23 verses in the King James translation. Several other chapter also contain this many verses such as Exodus 5 and 33, Leviticus 24, and others.
Mordecai, on Sivan 23, with the permission of Persia's king, had a decree written that gave Jews protection from Haman's inspired edict for their destruction (Esther 3:10 - 11, 8:9 - 11). The Jews, in the lands controlled by the Persians, were allowed to defend themselves and to take any spoil from those who sought to harm them.